Tunnel - Kobcinta Taariikhiga ah

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Tan iyo markii la dhisay mitirka 770 Taylor Hilltunneliyo 2474 mitir ee Victoria tunnel-ka labanlaaban ee tareennada tareennada ee uumiga leh ee Ingiriiska 1826-kii, tunnel-tareenno badan ayaa laga dhisay waddamo ay ka mid yihiin Ingiriiska, Maraykanka iyo Faransiiska.Qarnigii 19aad, wadar ahaan 11 tunnel tareen oo dhererkoodu ka badan yahay 5 kiiloomitir ayaa la dhisay, oo ay ku jiraan 3 tunnel oo dhererkoodu ka badan yahay 10 kiiloomitir.Waxaa ka mid ah kuwa ugu dheer marinka tareenada ee Saint Gotha ee Switzerland, dhererkiisu waa 14998 mitir.Tunnel-ka Tareenka ee Galera ee dalka Peru, oo la furay 1892-kii, waxa uu jooggiisu dhan yahay 4782 mitir, waxana uu hadda yahay tunnel-ka tareenka ee ugu sarreeya adduunka.Hadda, Fenghuo Tunnel oo ku yaal Jidka Tareenka ee Qinghai Tibet ee Shiinaha waa tunnel-ka tareenada ee ugu sarreeya adduunka oo sarreeya.Kahor 1860-meeyadii, tunnel-yada ayaa la dhisay iyadoo la adeegsanayo qodista gacanta iyo hababka qarxinta budada madow.Sannadkii 1861-kii, intii lagu jiray dhismaha tunnel-ka tareenka ee Sinis Peak ee ka gudbaya Alps-ka, waxa markii ugu horreysay la isticmaalay qalab-dhagaxa oo sambabada ah halkii laga isticmaali lahaa qodista gacanta.Sannadkii 1867-kii, markii Hussac Railway Tunnel laga dhisay Maraykanka, walxaha qarxa ee nitroglycerin ayaa loo adeegsaday halkii laga isticmaali lahaa baaruud madow, taas oo sii horumarisay farsamada dhismaha tunnel-ka iyo xawaaraha.

Tunnel-ka Shiqiuling, oo uu Shiinuhu dhisay sannadihii 1887-kii ilaa 1889-kii, kuna socday jidka tareennada cidhiidhiga ah ee Taipei ilaa Keelung ee gobolka Taiwan, wuxuu ahaa tunnel-kii ugu horreeyay ee tareenada Shiinaha, dhererkiisuna waa 261 mitir.Ka dib, qaar ka mid ah tunnelyada ayaa laga dhisay waddooyinka tareenada sida Beijing Han, Bariga Dhexe, iyo Zhengtai.Afarta tunnel ee laga dhisay qaybta Guangou ee Jidka Tareennada ee Beijing Zhangjiakou waxay ahaayeen dufcaddii ugu horreysay ee tunnel-tareennada oo la dhisay iyadoo la adeegsanayo awoodda farsamada ee Shiinaha.Tunnel Tareenka Badaling ee ugu dheer waa 1091 mitir waxaana la dhameeyay 1908dii. Kahor 1950, Shiinuhu wuxuu dhisay kaliya 238 tuunooyin tareen oo heersare ah, wadar ahaanna waa 89 kiiloomitir.Laga soo bilaabo 1950-yadii, tirada dhismayaasha tunnel-ka ayaa si weyn u kordhay.Intii u dhaxaysay 1950kii iyo 1984kii, waxa la dhisay wadar dhan 4247 godad tareen oo heersare ah, wadar ahaana waxa la kordhiyey 2014.5 kilomitir, taas oo ka dhigtay mid ka mid ah wadamada leh marinada tareenada ee ugu badan adduunka.Tirada tunnel-ka tareenada halbeegga ah ee Shiinaha ee la dhisay waxa lagu muujiyay shaxda 1.Intaa waxa dheer, Shiinuhu waxa uu dhisay 191 godad tareen oo cidhiidhi ah, iyada oo wadar ahaan la kordhiyey 23 kilomitir.Laga soo bilaabo 1984-kii, Shiinuhu wuxuu dhisay wadar ahaan 10 tunnel oo dhererkoodu ka badan yahay 5 kiiloomitir (Shaxda 2 [Tunaalada Tareennada oo dhererkoodu ka badan yahay 5 kiiloomitir Shiinaha]), iyadoo ugu dheerna uu ahaa Tunnel Tareenka Yimaling ee Jidka Tareenka ee Jingyuan, oo dhererkeedu yahay 7032 mitir.Buuraha Dayao ee tunnel-ka laba-jidka ah ee qaybta Hengshao ee Jidka Tareenka ee Beijing Guangzhou, oo dhererkiisu yahay 14.3km, ayaa dhisme ku socda.Tunnel-ka tareenka ee ugu sarreeya Shiinaha waa Tunnel Tareenka Guanjiao oo ku yaal Qinghai Tibet Tareenka, dhererkiisuna waa 4010 mitir iyo joog dhan 3690 mitir.

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Waqtiga boostada: Mar-06-2024